Linux/Backup

DD

Backup

• simple backup to image file

dd if=/dev/sda | gzip > image.dd.gz

• gzip image without dd

gzip -c < /dev/hda1 > /tmp/partition_image.gz

• bootloader

dd if=/dev/sda of=bootloader.img bs=446 count=1

• MBR + partitiontable

fdisk -lu
dd if=/dev/sda of=mbr.img bs=512? count=1? 63?

Backup over network

• Target

netcat -l 5555 | dd of=image.dd.gz

• Source

dd if=/dev/sda | pv | pigz --best | netcat $TargetIP 5555

Status

• dd status

while /bin/true; do sleep 5; kill -USR1 `pidof dd`; done

or

watch -n N kill -USR1 `pidof dd` 

• pv

dd if=/dev/sda | pv | dd of=image.dd

pv -s 60G    -> for estimate

Loop

• mount image as loop

mkdir /mnt/loop
mount -o loop image.dd /mnt/loop
umount /mnt/loop

rsync

rsync -v -P -r --delete --bwlimit=10000 /mnt/vm-host_backup/05_vm-host /mnt/backup

other

• dd random

dd if=/dev/random bs=1M count=256 | gzip >./256-MB-random-data.bin

Backup Manager

• /backup (ln /filesystem/80_backup/10_autobackup)
• /backup/!backupmanager
• /backup/10_vm-host

Backup Software

• BackupPC (1M+, 31*
• Duplicity (500k+, 14*)
• Duplicati (10M+, 139*)
• Borg (1M+, 16*)
• Bacula
• Restic (10M+, 16*)
• UrBackup (5M+, 23*)
• BackupNinja

Links

• http://www.merval.org/2012/03/bash-scripts/
• https://help.ubuntu.com/8.04/serverguide/backups-shellscripts-rotation.html
• http://tobias.schroepf.de/doku/doku.php?id=linux:backup
• http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1675093.html
• http://hardforum.com/archive/index.php/t-1711020.html
• http://forums.veeam.com/viewtopic.php?p=51838
• http://www.mattcutts.com/blog/backup-gmail-in-linux-with-getmail/ (Backup pop/imap account)
• http://www.myslug.de/index.php?title=Backupmaschine